OPENNESS

  Openness in organizations has been a controversial phenomenon . Though exhorted  by consultants , it has been rejected by a lot of experienced industrialists as "Theoretical ". In this article,we examine the patterns of success and failure with openness in organizations and suggest  a direction of movement ..
  "Openness" has been surrounded by controversy , in management circles , for quite some time. Illustrating this through  a case of a Textile Company A :
 This Organization realized that it required an intervention in Organization Development. So , they contacted a management consultant . As a part of the organization development process , the management consultant collected data regarding some parameters , of which openness was one. It came to the fore that "Openness" was low in the organization and that there was a requirement of increasing "Openness". This issue became a point of  sarcastic humour in top management circles . They felt that all this was theoretical bunkum and that "openness" if practiced will open  a pandora's  box.

 This is a dilemma , all of us face. How open should one be in the workplace or at home ? The words of  Iago , the famous villain of the Shakespearean paly "Othello" come to my mind , "I do not wear my heart on my sleeve for doves to peck at ".
 
 The following questions come to the fore :
  1. Would openness create more problems for us ?
  2. What is the optimum level of openness that we can practice ?
  3. What is the positive impact of "Openness "?
 We can answer these questions by analysing the patterns associated with openness.
 
 In an organization "B" , the workers felt that the management's actions were arbitrary and vindictive. So , some of them went on strike. One day they were standing in a large group outside the factory  gates. At that time , they  heard  the grapevine that some of  their kin , who were sympathetic to them were being maltreated inside the factory gates. A  pandemonium ensued resulting in  gate crashing and the subsequent beating of  every visible officer or staff inside the factory. Some top officials bribed their way out of  being  beaten while others locked themselves in their offices.
 
 This incident indicates that in the work environment , grapevine invariably flows .  During the process the information becomes distorted to say the least . Since , this is inevitable , the strategy of conscious  and selective openness is essential . This would also reduce the amount of dysfunctional time spent by managers , in inquiring about and listening to the grapevine.
 
 SKILLS OF OPENNESS  :
  1. Sharing information
  2. Sharing mental patterns beneath information.
  3. Receiving new information.
 
 In another similar incident , a project leader in a software company was narrating a dilemma to me . One of  his key team members say A  had resigned . The top management had asked the team leader not to share it with anyone. All his team members knew about A's impending departure . When they enquired about it from the project leader , he refused to disclose the details because of the top management directive. Consequently , project leader became the focus of sarcastic humor and got the label of "Poor guy".
 If we don't want such embarrassing  situations to be often repeated phenomenon, openness seems to be imperative  Openness has generally been associated with the skill and process of sharing information and the mental patterns beneath it. The skill of receiving new information has not got its due attention. Being open to new information and its accommodation into one's mental patterns is becoming a key managerial skill.
 In order to develop this skill , a manager neds to remember the principle of natural justice , "Audi alteram partem " . This means "Always listen to the other side ". Though this is considered to be a principle of natural justice but it is also a principle of   "Openness". In a lot of work situations , a manager has to provide justice. The presence of  openness is a prerequisite for doing justice and ensuring that "Justice is not only done but is also perceived to have been done".

 The perception , so expanded takes the professional to the next level of competence and this has to be a continuous phenomenon  for ambitious professionals. No skill or  perception has the potency of lasting a lifetime. It has to be continually upgraded to not only progress but also to retain our present position in the organization or society.
 During one of my training programs , on of the participants asked me , "What is the limit of openness ? To what extent can we be open "?
 Openness is important. It acts as a natural check on negative forces. It creates alignment and espirits de corps. However , it should not be allowed to steamroll our core values .
 I have also found that the process of openness has some natural limits . Beyond these limits openness does not help. In fact , it may even reduce effectiveness .

 In  organizations , a lot of damage is done in the garb of openness . One particular  consultancy X , professed itself to be a highly open organization. This concept got so severely distorted in the organization , that  critical leg pulling  or sarcastic humor or going movies together came to be associated with openness. On the other hand , key organizational issues were still discussed behind people's back and  closed doors. Hence , this organization could not realize the positive impact of genuine openness.
 There is nothing wrong in going  to movies or picnics together . However , advocating these as processes of openness has its pitfalls. We may end up being open about all the non- crucial and insignificant issues.
 There are benefits as well as pitfalls on the road to increasing openness. There is a requirement of cautious but conscious movement on this road , for the creation of enlightened and equitable organizations. Most of the Indian Organizations , are functioning near about O in Fig 2 . So, they have a long distance to go before they encounter the natural limits of the positive impact of openness.They need to be prepared to handle increasing complexity in interaction during the short term.
 Some organizations like a major Telecom Company Z , have realized the importance of openness and have enshrined it as one of the core values of the organization.
 The strategy of "Opennes"should include processes for "sharing information" as well as "reveiving new information".
 Let me share with you the success story of an openness process tried out by an automobile company K . In this organization , the daily production figures were identical , i.e ,800 vehicles . An open house was conducted , in which the chairman and the HR Head actively participated . The very next day the production figure crossed 1000 vehicles.
 In another organization C , the core team enacted an openness process called"Team open feedback ". In this process , the team members sat in a circle and gave  open feedback to each other , regarding "How each one helped or hindered the team ".
 The benefits of this "Openness process" have been multiple :
  1. Perception expansion of team members regarding each other resulting ina broad       based alignment of perspective.
  2. Opening up of new windows for each team member after identifying the pattern of                  feedback received from other team members.
  3. Delivery of undelivered communication , resulting in the reduction / removal of       misconceptions.
  4. Rectification of "Undesirable behavioural patterns".
 This indicates the power of openness to provide valid checks and balances in the team or in the organization.
 Hence , the organization needs to have a conscious strategy and the corresponding processes for "Sharing  information" & "Underlying mental patterns"regarding :
  1.  Key processes , strategy , resources , strengths , weaknesses , opportunities and threats  etc.
  2. Alternative view points .
  3. New ideas and initiatives.
  4. Process of increments / promotions / key decision making.
  5. Priorities
 
 Even in the history of nations , the success patterns are in favour of openness. Despotic tyranny has always been associated with lack of openness and transparency. The first step taken by most of the dictatorial regimes has been the curtaining of the freedom of the press. What these regimes have not realized is that this step is the first nail in their own coffins. Lack of transparency reduces the checks and balances which openness automatically introduces , resulting in the incidences of excesses and exploitation. This continues till the mounting public grievances  result in a public outcry and the regime gets overthrown.
  It is  surprising that these lessons from history have not been learnt.